Smart Library Returns: Your Go-To Late Fee Calculator

Public library has sa simple policy for late retums te al afred free each day X, a book is overdue, but there's a grace period representedly Y allowing returns within a certain number of days past the de curring a fee. However, the policy includes a cap represented by the total fee, beyond which no additional charges are applied, howe the book is returned. Your task is to find and retum an integer e total late fee for a returned book.

Smart Library Returns: Your Go-To Late Fee Calculator  “ Code In Java And Python.”

Input Specification:

input1: An integer value X representing the number of days cook returned late.

input2: An integer value Y representing the number of days past the the that can elapse without incurring a fee.

input3: An integer value Z representing the fixed fee charged for each the Inrdue beyond the grace period.

 input4: An integer value A representing the maximum total late fee for that can be charged.

Output Specification:

Return an integer value representing the total late fee for a returned book. 

Explanation:

Here, the number of overdue days = 5, grace period=3, fee charged per day =2 and the maximum total fee that can be charged =10

• Effective Days = overdue days - grace period 5-3-2
• Total fees = Fees per day Effective days=2*2-4
• Since total fees < maximum total fee that can be charged (41 the output.

Example 2:

1. input1: 15
2. input2: 5
3. input3: 3
4. input4: 20

• Output: 20

Explanation:

wordue days = 15, grace period = 5, fee changed per day -

20

Explanation:

Here, the number of overdue days = 15, grace period 5, fee charged per day =3 and maximum total fee that can be charged = 20.

• Effective Days = overdue days - grace period 15-5-10
• Total fees = Fees per day * Effective days = 3*10=30

Since total fees fee that can > maximum total fee can be charged (30>20) is returned as the output he output..

Java Code

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

class UserMainCode {
    public int bookFine(int input1, int input2, int input3, int input4) {
        // Calculate effective overdue days
        int effectiveDays = input1 - input2;
        
        // If effective days are less than or equal to zero, no fee is charged
        if (effectiveDays <= 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // Calculate total fee
        int totalFee = effectiveDays * input3;

        // Apply the maximum total fee cap
        if (totalFee > input4) {
            totalFee = input4;
        }

        return totalFee;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        UserMainCode code = new UserMainCode();
        
        // Example 1
        int input1_1 = 5;
        int input2_1 = 3;
        int input3_1 = 2;
        int input4_1 = 10;
        System.out.println("Total late fee: " + code.bookFine(input1_1, input2_1, input3_1, input4_1)); // Output: 4

        // Example 2
        int input1_2 = 15;
        int input2_2 = 5;
        int input3_2 = 3;
        int input4_2 = 20;
        System.out.println("Total late fee: " + code.bookFine(input1_2, input2_2, input3_2, input4_2)); // Output: 20
    }
}

Explanation:

1. Imports:

• import java.io.*; and import java.util.*; are included to handle input-output and utility functions. 

02. Class and Method:

• The UserMainCode class includes the bookFine method.
• The bookFine method takes four integer inputs (input1, input2, input3, input4) which represent the number of overdue days, grace period, fee per day, and the maximum total fee respectively.
• It calculates the effective overdue days by subtracting the grace period from the overdue days.
• If the effective days are less than or equal to zero, it returns 0 indicating no fee.
• It calculates the total fee by multiplying the effective days by the fee per day.
• If the calculated total fee exceeds the maximum total fee, it applies the cap by setting the total fee to the maximum total fee.

03. Main Method:

• The main method demonstrates the usage of the bookFine method with the provided examples.
• It creates an instance of  UserMainCode and calls bookFine with sample inputs to print the total late fee for each example.

Python Code 

 class Library:
    def book_fine(self, overdue_days, grace_period, fee_per_day, max_total_fee):
        # Calculate effective overdue days
        effective_days = overdue_days - grace_period
        
        # If effective days are less than or equal to zero, no fee is charged
        if effective_days <= 0:
            return 0

        # Calculate total fee
        total_fee = effective_days * fee_per_day

        # Apply the maximum total fee cap
        if total_fee > max_total_fee:
            total_fee = max_total_fee

        return total_fee

# Example usage
library = Library()

# Example 1
overdue_days_1 = 5
grace_period_1 = 3
fee_per_day_1 = 2
max_total_fee_1 = 10
print("Total late fee:", library.book_fine(overdue_days_1, grace_period_1, fee_per_day_1, max_total_fee_1)) # Output: 4

# Example 2
overdue_days_2 = 15
grace_period_2 = 5
fee_per_day_2 = 3
max_total_fee_2 = 20
print("Total late fee:", library.book_fine(overdue_days_2, grace_period_2, fee_per_day_2, max_total_fee_2)) # Output: 20

Explanation:

01. Class and Method:

• The Library class contains the book_fine method.
• The book_fine method takes four parameters: overdue_days, grace_period, fee_per_day, and max_total_fee which represent the number of overdue days, grace period, fee per day, and the maximum total fee respectively.
• It calculates the effective overdue days by subtracting the grace period from the overdue days.
• If the effective days are less than or equal to zero, it returns 0 indicating no fee.
• It calculates the total fee by multiplying the effective days by the fee per day.
• If the calculated total fee exceeds the maximum total fee, it applies the cap by setting the total fee to the maximum total fee.

Example Usage:

• The example usage demonstrates how to use the book_fine method with sample inputs and prints the total late fee for each example.